English source-aligned edition
Max Simon
Max Simon served as Waffen-SS division commander. The profile reconstructs the person’s function in Tuscany and Emilia-Romagna, Italy through documented office, decisions, supervision or operational conduct. It does not assign every crime committed by an institution or region to one individual.
Confirmed findings
- Max Simon: 1899-01-06–1961-02-01. (Source: Italian Ministry of Defence, cited passage; Source: NS-Täter in Italien, cited passage; Source: Italian Chamber of Deputies, cited passage; Source: NS-Täter in Italien, Monte Sole, cited passage)
- As commander of the 16th SS Panzergrenadier Division Reichsführer-SS, Max Simon led a formation that committed major massacres of Italian civilians, including at Sant’Anna di Stazzema and around Monte Sole. (Source: Italian Ministry of Defence, cited passage; Source: NS-Täter in Italien, cited passage; Source: Italian Chamber of Deputies, cited passage; Source: NS-Täter in Italien, Monte Sole, cited passage)
- A British military court in Padua sentenced him to death in 1947; in 1948 the sentence was commuted to life imprisonment, and he was released on 1954-11-30. (Source: Italian Ministry of Defence, cited passage; Source: NS-Täter in Italien, cited passage; Source: Italian Chamber of Deputies, cited passage; Source: NS-Täter in Italien, Monte Sole, cited passage)
Place in the chain of responsibility
The profile separates the documented office and individual conduct from the wider crimes of the institution or subordinate formation. (Source: Italian Ministry of Defence, cited passage; Source: NS-Täter in Italien, cited passage; Source: Italian Chamber of Deputies, cited passage; Source: NS-Täter in Italien, Monte Sole, cited passage)
Key events and mechanisms
- As commander of the 16th SS Panzergrenadier Division Reichsführer-SS, Max Simon led a formation that committed major massacres of Italian civilians, including at Sant’Anna di Stazzema and around Monte Sole. (Source: Italian Ministry of Defence, cited passage; Source: NS-Täter in Italien, cited passage; Source: Italian Chamber of Deputies, cited passage; Source: NS-Täter in Italien, Monte Sole, cited passage)
- A British military court in Padua sentenced him to death in 1947; in 1948 the sentence was commuted to life imprisonment, and he was released on 1954-11-30. (Source: Italian Ministry of Defence, cited passage; Source: NS-Täter in Italien, cited passage; Source: Italian Chamber of Deputies, cited passage; Source: NS-Täter in Italien, Monte Sole, cited passage)
The circle records authority, function and agency. Several profiles may describe different parts of the same persecution chain, so profile-level totals must not be added together.
Postwar accountability
A British military court in Padua sentenced him to death in 1947; in 1948 the sentence was commuted to life imprisonment, and he was released on 1954-11-30. (Source: Italian Ministry of Defence, cited passage; Source: NS-Täter in Italien, cited passage; Source: Italian Chamber of Deputies, cited passage; Source: NS-Täter in Italien, Monte Sole, cited passage)
Limits of the evidence
Only claims tied to the cited evidence are included. No individual victim total or additional order is attributed without separate proof. No portrait was selected because rights were not verified. (Source: Italian Ministry of Defence, cited passage; Source: NS-Täter in Italien, cited passage; Source: Italian Chamber of Deputies, cited passage; Source: NS-Täter in Italien, Monte Sole, cited passage)
Sources
The source set combines institutional, archival, trial or scholarly material from at least two independent publishers.