English source-aligned edition

Heinrich Schwarz

sentenced to death for Natzweiler crimes and executed on 20 March 1947 1906–1947

Heinrich Schwarz served as commandant of Auschwitz III-Monowitz and the Natzweiler camp system. The profile reconstructs the person’s function in Auschwitz-Monowitz · Natzweiler through documented office, decisions, supervision or operational conduct. It does not assign every crime committed by an institution or region to one individual.

Auschwitz-MonowitzConcentration campsPrisoner labour

Confirmed findings

Heinrich Schwarz was born on 14 June 1906 in Munich and served as an SS officer in the concentration-camp system. (Source: Auschwitz-Birkenau State Museum, section on commandants; Heinrich Schwarz and Auschwitz III-Monowitz; Source: Struthof European Centre of Deported Resistance Members, section on February 1945; Schwarz assumes command and organizes evacuation; Source: Auschwitz-Birkenau State Museum, section on French trials; Schwarz sentenced to death for crimes at Natzweiler)
From November 1943 he commanded Auschwitz III-Monowitz; in 1945 he took over the Natzweiler system and organized its evacuation. (Source: Auschwitz-Birkenau State Museum, section on commandants; Heinrich Schwarz and Auschwitz III-Monowitz; Source: Struthof European Centre of Deported Resistance Members, section on February 1945; Schwarz assumes command and organizes evacuation; Source: Auschwitz-Birkenau State Museum, section on French trials; Schwarz sentenced to death for crimes at Natzweiler)
A French military tribunal sentenced him to death for Natzweiler crimes; the sentence was carried out on 20 March 1947. (Source: Auschwitz-Birkenau State Museum, section on commandants; Heinrich Schwarz and Auschwitz III-Monowitz; Source: Struthof European Centre of Deported Resistance Members, section on February 1945; Schwarz assumes command and organizes evacuation; Source: Auschwitz-Birkenau State Museum, section on French trials; Schwarz sentenced to death for crimes at Natzweiler)

Place in the chain of responsibility

Schwarz’s responsibility is tied to command of two camp complexes and to the scope established by the French proceedings. (Source: Auschwitz-Birkenau State Museum, section on commandants; Heinrich Schwarz and Auschwitz III-Monowitz; Source: Struthof European Centre of Deported Resistance Members, section on February 1945; Schwarz assumes command and organizes evacuation; Source: Auschwitz-Birkenau State Museum, section on French trials; Schwarz sentenced to death for crimes at Natzweiler)

Key events and mechanisms

No victim-count ranking

The circle records authority, function and agency. Several profiles may describe different parts of the same persecution chain, so profile-level totals must not be added together.

Postwar accountability

A French military tribunal sentenced Schwarz to death for crimes connected with the Natzweiler system. He was executed on 20 March 1947. (Source: Auschwitz-Birkenau State Museum, section on commandants; Heinrich Schwarz and Auschwitz III-Monowitz; Source: Struthof European Centre of Deported Resistance Members, section on February 1945; Schwarz assumes command and organizes evacuation; Source: Auschwitz-Birkenau State Museum, section on French trials; Schwarz sentenced to death for crimes at Natzweiler)

Limits of the evidence

The Natzweiler judgment was not a separate adjudication of every act committed at Monowitz. (Source: Auschwitz-Birkenau State Museum, section on commandants; Heinrich Schwarz and Auschwitz III-Monowitz; Source: Struthof European Centre of Deported Resistance Members, section on February 1945; Schwarz assumes command and organizes evacuation; Source: Auschwitz-Birkenau State Museum, section on French trials; Schwarz sentenced to death for crimes at Natzweiler)

Sources

The source set combines institutional, archival, trial or scholarly material from at least two independent publishers.